JTMS

From a post-colonial ethic of non-alignment, India has pivoted through pragmatic multi-alignment to a self-defined “core alignment,” recalibrating every partnership by a single metric: does it harden India’s security, economic, or technological autonomy against China’s rise and shifting great-power fault lines? The shift—evident in the 2025 cross-border reprisal against Pakistan and in India’s simultaneous oil buys from Russia and data-sharing pacts with the Quad—signals that